////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Copyright (C) 2012-2025 The Octave Project Developers
//
// See the file COPYRIGHT.md in the top-level directory of this
// distribution or <https://octave.org/copyright/>.
//
// This file is part of Octave.
//
// Octave is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
// under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
// WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
// <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#if ! defined (octave_cdef_class_h)
#define octave_cdef_class_h 1

#include "octave-config.h"

#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <utility>

#include "oct-refcount.h"

#include "cdef-fwd.h"
#include "cdef-method.h"
#include "cdef-object.h"
#include "cdef-package.h"
#include "cdef-property.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "ov.h"
#include "ovl.h"

OCTAVE_BEGIN_NAMESPACE(octave)

class interpreter;
class tree_classdef;

// When we want to preserve the order in which properties were first defined,
// we index them with a std::pair key made of:
// - first, their rank in the property list;
// - and second, their name.
typedef std::pair<unsigned int, std::string> property_key;

class OCTINTERP_API cdef_class : public cdef_meta_object
{
private:

  class cdef_class_rep : public cdef_meta_object_rep
  {
  public:
    cdef_class_rep ()
      : cdef_meta_object_rep (), m_member_count (0), m_handle_class (false),
        m_meta (false)
    { }

    OCTINTERP_API cdef_class_rep (const std::list<cdef_class>& superclasses);

    cdef_class_rep& operator = (const cdef_class_rep&) = delete;

    ~cdef_class_rep () = default;

    cdef_object_rep * copy () const { return new cdef_class_rep (*this); }

    bool is_class () const { return true; }

    std::string get_name () const
    { return get ("Name").string_value (); }

    void set_name (const std::string& nm) { put ("Name", nm); }

    bool is_abstract () const { return get ("Abstract").bool_value (); }

    bool is_sealed () const { return get ("Sealed").bool_value (); }

    OCTINTERP_API cdef_method
    find_method (const std::string& nm, bool local = false);

    OCTINTERP_API void
    install_method (const cdef_method& meth);

    OCTINTERP_API Cell
    get_methods (bool include_ctor);

    OCTINTERP_API std::map<std::string, cdef_method>
    get_method_map (bool only_inherited, bool include_ctor);

    OCTINTERP_API cdef_property find_property (const std::string& nm);

    OCTINTERP_API void install_property (const cdef_property& prop);

    OCTINTERP_API Cell get_properties (int mode);

    OCTINTERP_API std::map<property_key, cdef_property>
    get_property_map (int mode);

    OCTINTERP_API string_vector get_names ();

    void set_directory (const std::string& dir) { m_directory = dir; }

    std::string get_directory () const { return m_directory; }

    OCTINTERP_API void delete_object (const cdef_object& obj);

    OCTINTERP_API octave_value_list
    meta_subsref (const std::string& type,
                  const std::list<octave_value_list>& idx, int nargout);

    OCTINTERP_API void meta_release ();

    bool meta_accepts_postfix_index (char type) const
    {
      return (type == '(' || type == '.');
    }

    OCTINTERP_API octave_value get_method (const std::string& name) const;

    OCTINTERP_API octave_value get_method (int line) const;

    OCTINTERP_API octave_value construct (const octave_value_list& args);

    OCTINTERP_API cdef_object
    construct_object (const octave_value_list& args);

    OCTINTERP_API void initialize_object (cdef_object& obj);

    OCTINTERP_API void
    run_constructor (cdef_object& obj, const octave_value_list& args);

    void mark_as_handle_class () { m_handle_class = true; }

    bool is_handle_class () const { return m_handle_class; }

    octave_idx_type static_count () const { return m_member_count; }

    void destroy ()
    {
      if (m_member_count)
        {
          m_count++;
          cdef_class lock (this);

          m_member_count = 0;
          m_method_map.clear ();
          m_property_map.clear ();
          m_property_rank_map.clear ();
        }
      else
        delete this;
    }

    void mark_as_meta_class () { m_meta = true; }

    bool is_meta_class () const { return m_meta; }

    void file_name (const std::string& nm) { m_file_name = nm; }

    std::string file_name () const { return m_file_name; }

  private:

    OCTINTERP_API void load_all_methods ();

    OCTINTERP_API void find_names (std::set<std::string>& names, bool all);

    OCTINTERP_API void
    find_properties (std::map<property_key, cdef_property>& props,
                     int mode = 0);

    OCTINTERP_API void
    find_properties_aux (std::map<property_key, cdef_property>& props,
                         std::set<std::string>& prop_names,
                         int mode = 0);

    OCTINTERP_API void
    find_methods (std::map<std::string, cdef_method>& meths,
                  bool only_inherited, bool include_ctor = false);

    cdef_class wrap ()
    {
      m_count++;
      return cdef_class (this);
    }

    // The @-directory were this class is loaded from.
    // (not used yet)

    std::string m_directory;

    std::string m_file_name;

    // The methods defined by this class.

    std::map<std::string, cdef_method> m_method_map;

    // The properties defined by this class.

    std::map<std::string, cdef_property> m_property_map;
    std::map<std::string, unsigned int> m_property_rank_map;

    // The number of members in this class (methods, properties...)

    octave_idx_type m_member_count;

    // TRUE if this class is a handle class.  A class is a handle
    // class when the abstract "handle" class is one of its superclasses.

    bool m_handle_class;

    // The list of super-class constructors that are called implicitly by the
    // classdef engine when creating an object.  These constructors are not
    // called explicitly by the class constructor.

    std::list<cdef_class> m_implicit_ctor_list;

    // TRUE if this class is a built-in meta class.

    bool m_meta;

    // Utility iterator typedefs.

    typedef std::map<std::string, cdef_method>::iterator method_iterator;
    typedef std::map<std::string, cdef_method>::const_iterator method_const_iterator;
    typedef std::map<property_key, cdef_property>::iterator property_iterator;
    typedef std::map<property_key, cdef_property>::const_iterator property_const_iterator;

    cdef_class_rep (const cdef_class_rep& c) = default;
  };

public:

  // Create an invalid class object.

  cdef_class () : cdef_meta_object () { }

  cdef_class (const std::string& nm,
              const std::list<cdef_class>& superclasses)
    : cdef_meta_object (new cdef_class_rep (superclasses))
  {
    get_rep ()->set_name (nm);
  }

  cdef_class (const cdef_class& cls) : cdef_meta_object (cls) { }

  cdef_class (const cdef_object& obj)
    : cdef_meta_object (obj)
  {
    // This should never happen...
    if (! is_class ())
      error ("internal error: invalid assignment from %s to meta.class object",
             class_name ().c_str ());
  }

  cdef_class& operator = (const cdef_class& cls)
  {
    cdef_object::operator = (cls);

    return *this;
  }

  ~cdef_class () = default;

  OCTINTERP_API cdef_method
  find_method (const std::string& nm, bool local = false);

  void install_method (const cdef_method& meth)
  {
    get_rep ()->install_method (meth);
  }

  Cell get_methods (bool include_ctor = false)
  {
    return get_rep ()->get_methods (include_ctor);
  }

  std::map<std::string, cdef_method>
  get_method_map (bool only_inherited = false, bool include_ctor = false)
  {
    return get_rep ()->get_method_map (only_inherited, include_ctor);
  }

  OCTINTERP_API cdef_property find_property (const std::string& nm);

  void install_property (const cdef_property& prop)
  {
    get_rep ()->install_property (prop);
  }

  Cell get_properties (int mode = property_normal)
  {
    return get_rep ()->get_properties (mode);
  }

  std::map<property_key, cdef_property>
  get_property_map (int mode = property_normal)
  {
    return get_rep ()->get_property_map (mode);
  }

  string_vector get_names () { return get_rep ()->get_names (); }

  bool is_abstract () const { return get_rep ()->is_abstract (); }

  bool is_sealed () const { return get_rep ()->is_sealed (); }

  void set_directory (const std::string& dir)
  {
    get_rep ()->set_directory (dir);
  }

  std::string get_directory () const
  {
    return get_rep ()->get_directory ();
  }

  std::string get_name () const { return get_rep ()->get_name (); }

  bool is_builtin () const { return get_directory ().empty (); }

  void delete_object (const cdef_object& obj)
  {
    get_rep ()->delete_object (obj);
  }

  //! Analyze the tree_classdef tree and transform it to a cdef_class
  //!
  //! <b>All attribute validation should occur here.</b>
  //!
  //! Classdef attribute values can be given in the form of
  //! expressions.  These expressions must be evaluated before
  //! assigning them as attribute values.  Evaluating them as they are
  //! parsed causes trouble with possible recursion in the parser so we
  //! do it here.  For example
  //!
  //! @code
  //! classdef recursion_class
  //!   methods (Access = ?recursion_class)
  //!   endmethods
  //! endclassdef
  //! @endcode
  //!
  //! will fail because each attempt to compute the metaclass of
  //! recursion_class will cause recursion_class to be parsed again.

  static OCTINTERP_API cdef_class
  make_meta_class (interpreter& interp, tree_classdef *t,
                   bool is_at_folder = false);

  octave_value get_method (const std::string& nm) const
  {
    return get_rep ()->get_method (nm);
  }

  octave_value get_method (int ln) const
  {
    return get_rep ()->get_method (ln);
  }

  OCTINTERP_API octave_value get_method_function (const std::string& nm);

  octave_value get_constructor_function ()
  {
    return get_method_function (get_name ());
  }

  octave_value construct (const octave_value_list& args)
  {
    return get_rep ()->construct (args);
  }

  cdef_object construct_object (const octave_value_list& args)
  {
    return get_rep ()->construct_object (args);
  }

  void initialize_object (cdef_object& obj)
  {
    get_rep ()->initialize_object (obj);
  }

  void run_constructor (cdef_object& obj, const octave_value_list& args)
  {
    get_rep ()->run_constructor (obj, args);
  }

  void mark_as_handle_class ()
  {
    get_rep ()->mark_as_handle_class ();
  }

  bool is_handle_class () const
  {
    return get_rep ()->is_handle_class ();
  }

  void mark_as_meta_class () { get_rep ()->mark_as_meta_class (); }

  bool is_meta_class () const { return get_rep ()->is_meta_class (); }

  void file_name (const std::string& nm) { get_rep ()->file_name (nm); }

  std::string file_name () const { return get_rep ()->file_name (); }

public:

  enum
  {
    property_normal,
    property_inherited,
    property_all
  };

private:

  cdef_class_rep * get_rep ()
  {
    return dynamic_cast<cdef_class_rep *> (cdef_object::get_rep ());
  }

  const cdef_class_rep * get_rep () const
  {
    return dynamic_cast<const cdef_class_rep *> (cdef_object::get_rep ());
  }

  friend OCTINTERP_API bool operator == (const cdef_class&, const cdef_class&);
  friend OCTINTERP_API bool operator != (const cdef_class&, const cdef_class&);
  friend OCTINTERP_API bool operator < (const cdef_class&, const cdef_class&);

  friend void install_classdef (octave::interpreter& interp);
};

inline bool
operator == (const cdef_class& clsa, const cdef_class& clsb)
{
  // FIXME: is this really the right way to check class equality?

  return (clsa.get_rep () == clsb.get_rep ());
}

inline bool
operator != (const cdef_class& clsa, const cdef_class& clsb)
{
  return ! (clsa == clsb);
}

// This is only to be able to use cdef_class as map keys.

inline bool
operator < (const cdef_class& clsa, const cdef_class& clsb)
{
  return clsa.get_rep () < clsb.get_rep ();
}

inline cdef_method
cdef_class::find_method (const std::string& nm, bool local)
{
  return get_rep ()->find_method (nm, local);
}

inline cdef_property
cdef_class::find_property (const std::string& nm)
{
  return get_rep ()->find_property (nm);
}

OCTAVE_END_NAMESPACE(octave)

#endif
