---
name: v.colors
description: Creates/modifies the color table associated with a vector map.
keywords: [ vector, color table ]
---

# v.colors

Creates/modifies the color table associated with a vector map.

=== "Command line"

    **v.colors**
    [**-rwldngac**]
    **map**=*name*
    [**layer**=*string*]
    **use**=*string*
    [**column**=*name*]
    [**range**=*min,max*]
    [**color**=*style*]
    [**raster**=*name*]
    [**raster_3d**=*name*]
    [**rules**=*name*]
    [**rgb_column**=*name*]
    [**--verbose**]
    [**--quiet**]
    [**--qq**]
    [**--ui**]

    Example:

    ```sh
    v.colors map=name use=cat
    ```

=== "Python (grass.tools)"

    *grass.tools.Tools.v_colors*(**map**,
        **layer**=*"1"*,
        **use**=*"cat"*,
        **column**=*None*,
        **range**=*None*,
        **color**=*None*,
        **raster**=*None*,
        **raster_3d**=*None*,
        **rules**=*None*,
        **rgb_column**=*None*,
        **flags**=*None*,
        **verbose**=*None*,
        **quiet**=*None*,
        **superquiet**=*None*)

    Example:

    ```python
    tools = Tools()
    tools.v_colors(map="name", use="cat")
    ```

    This grass.tools API is experimental in version 8.5 and expected to be stable in version 8.6.

=== "Python (grass.script)"

    *grass.script.parse_command*("***v.colors***",
        **map**,
        **layer**=*"1"*,
        **use**=*"cat"*,
        **column**=*None*,
        **range**=*None*,
        **color**=*None*,
        **raster**=*None*,
        **raster_3d**=*None*,
        **rules**=*None*,
        **rgb_column**=*None*,
        **flags**=*None*,
        **verbose**=*None*,
        **quiet**=*None*,
        **superquiet**=*None*)

    Example:

    ```python
    gs.parse_command("v.colors", map="name", use="cat")
    ```

## Parameters

=== "Command line"

    **map**=*name* **[required]**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of vector map  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Or data source for direct OGR access  
    **layer**=*string*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Layer number or name  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vector features can have category values in different layers. This number determines which layer to use. When used with direct OGR access this is the layer name.  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *1*  
    **use**=*string* **[required]**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Source values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *attr, cat, z*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *cat*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**attr**: read values from attribute table (requires &lt;column&gt; option)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**cat**: use category values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**z**: use z coordinate (3D points or centroids only)  
    **column**=*name*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of column containing numeric data  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Required for use=attr  
    **range**=*min,max*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Manually set range (refers to 'column' option)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ignored when 'rules' given  
    **color**=*style*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *aspect, aspectcolr, bcyr, bgyr, blues, byg, byr, celsius, corine, curvature, differences, elevation, etopo2, evi, fahrenheit, forest_cover, gdd, grass, greens, grey, grey.eq, grey.log, grey1.0, grey255, gyr, haxby, inferno, kelvin, magma, ndvi, ndwi, nlcd, oranges, plasma, population, population_dens, precipitation, precipitation_daily, precipitation_monthly, rainbow, ramp, random, reds, roygbiv, rstcurv, ryb, ryg, sepia, slope, soilmoisture, srtm, srtm_percent, srtm_plus, terrain, viridis, water, wave*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![aspect](colortables/aspect.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**aspect**: aspect oriented grey colors [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![aspectcolr](colortables/aspectcolr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**aspectcolr**: aspect oriented rainbow colors [range: 0 to 360]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![bcyr](colortables/bcyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**bcyr**: blue through cyan through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![bgyr](colortables/bgyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**bgyr**: blue through green through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![blues](colortables/blues.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**blues**: white to blue [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![byg](colortables/byg.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**byg**: blue through yellow to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![byr](colortables/byr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**byr**: blue through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![celsius](colortables/celsius.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**celsius**: blue to red for degree Celsius temperature [range: -80 to 80]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![corine](colortables/corine.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**corine**: EU Corine land cover colors [range: 111 to 995]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![curvature](colortables/curvature.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**curvature**: for terrain curvatures (from v.surf.rst and r.slope.aspect) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![differences](colortables/differences.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**differences**: differences oriented colors [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![elevation](colortables/elevation.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**elevation**: maps relative ranges of raster values to elevation color ramp [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![etopo2](colortables/etopo2.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**etopo2**: colors for ETOPO2 worldwide bathymetry/topography [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![evi](colortables/evi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**evi**: enhanced vegetative index colors [range: -1 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![fahrenheit](colortables/fahrenheit.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**fahrenheit**: blue to red for Fahrenheit temperature [range: -112 to 176]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![forest_cover](colortables/forest_cover.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**forest_cover**: percentage of forest cover [range: 0 to 100]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![gdd](colortables/gdd.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**gdd**: accumulated growing degree days [range: 0 to 6000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grass](colortables/grass.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grass**: GRASS green (perceptually uniform) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![greens](colortables/greens.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**greens**: white to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey](colortables/grey.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey**: grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey.eq](colortables/grey.eq.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey.eq**: histogram-equalized grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey.log](colortables/grey.log.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey.log**: histogram logarithmic transformed grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey1.0](colortables/grey1.0.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey1.0**: grey scale for raster values between 0.0-1.0 [range: 0 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey255](colortables/grey255.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey255**: grey scale for raster values between 0-255 [range: 0 to 255]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![gyr](colortables/gyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**gyr**: green through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![haxby](colortables/haxby.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**haxby**: relative colors for bathymetry or topography [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![inferno](colortables/inferno.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**inferno**: perceptually uniform sequential color table inferno [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![kelvin](colortables/kelvin.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**kelvin**: blue to red for temperature in Kelvin scale [range: 193.15 to 353.15]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![magma](colortables/magma.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**magma**: perceptually uniform sequential color table magma [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ndvi](colortables/ndvi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ndvi**: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index colors [range: -1 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ndwi](colortables/ndwi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ndwi**: Normalized Difference Water Index colors [range: -200 to 200]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![nlcd](colortables/nlcd.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**nlcd**: US National Land Cover Dataset colors [range: 0 to 95]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![oranges](colortables/oranges.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**oranges**: white to orange [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![plasma](colortables/plasma.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**plasma**: perceptually uniform sequential color table plasma [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![population](colortables/population.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**population**: color table covering human population classification breaks [range: 0 to 2e+09]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![population_dens](colortables/population_dens.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**population_dens**: color table covering human population density classification breaks [range: 0 to 1e+09]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation](colortables/precipitation.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation**: precipitation color table (0..2000mm) [range: 0 to 7000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation_daily](colortables/precipitation_daily.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation_daily**: precipitation color table (0..1000mm) [range: 0 to 10000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation_monthly](colortables/precipitation_monthly.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation_monthly**: precipitation color table (0..1000mm) [range: 0 to 1000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![rainbow](colortables/rainbow.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**rainbow**: rainbow color table [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ramp](colortables/ramp.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ramp**: color ramp [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![random](colortables/random.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**random**: random color table [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![reds](colortables/reds.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**reds**: white to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![roygbiv](colortables/roygbiv.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**roygbiv**:  [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![rstcurv](colortables/rstcurv.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**rstcurv**: terrain curvature (from r.resamp.rst) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ryb](colortables/ryb.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ryb**: red through yellow to blue [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ryg](colortables/ryg.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ryg**: red through yellow to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![sepia](colortables/sepia.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**sepia**: yellowish-brown through to white [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![slope](colortables/slope.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**slope**: r.slope.aspect-type slope colors for raster values 0-90 [range: 0 to 90]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![soilmoisture](colortables/soilmoisture.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**soilmoisture**: soilmoisture color table (0.0-1.0) [range: 0 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm](colortables/srtm.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm_percent](colortables/srtm_percent.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm_percent**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission using relative elevation [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm_plus](colortables/srtm_plus.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm_plus**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation (with seafloor colors) [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![terrain](colortables/terrain.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**terrain**: global elevation color table covering -11000 to +8850m [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![viridis](colortables/viridis.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**viridis**: perceptually uniform sequential color table viridis [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![water](colortables/water.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**water**: water depth [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![wave](colortables/wave.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**wave**: color wave [range: map values]  
    **raster**=*name*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Raster map from which to copy color table  
    **raster_3d**=*name*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3D raster map from which to copy color table  
    **rules**=*name*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Path to rules file  
    **rgb_column**=*name*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of color column to populate RGB values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If not given writes color table  
    **-r**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Remove existing color table  
    **-w**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Only write new color table if it does not already exist  
    **-l**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;List available rules then exit  
    **-d**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;List available rules with description then exit  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If a color rule is given, only this rule is listed  
    **-n**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Invert colors  
    **-g**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Logarithmic scaling  
    **-a**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Logarithmic-absolute scaling  
    **-c**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Convert color rules from RGB values to color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Option 'rgb_column' with valid RGB values required  
    **--help**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Print usage summary  
    **--verbose**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Verbose module output  
    **--quiet**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Quiet module output  
    **--qq**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Very quiet module output  
    **--ui**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Force launching GUI dialog

=== "Python (grass.tools)"

    **map** : str, *required*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of vector map  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Or data source for direct OGR access  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, vector, *name*  
    **layer** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Layer number or name  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vector features can have category values in different layers. This number determines which layer to use. When used with direct OGR access this is the layer name.  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, layer  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *1*  
    **use** : str, *required*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Source values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *attr, cat, z*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**attr**: read values from attribute table (requires &lt;column&gt; option)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**cat**: use category values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**z**: use z coordinate (3D points or centroids only)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *cat*  
    **column** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of column containing numeric data  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Required for use=attr  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, dbcolumn, *name*  
    **range** : tuple[float, float] | list[float] | str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Manually set range (refers to 'column' option)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ignored when 'rules' given  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: *min,max*  
    **color** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, colortable, *style*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *aspect, aspectcolr, bcyr, bgyr, blues, byg, byr, celsius, corine, curvature, differences, elevation, etopo2, evi, fahrenheit, forest_cover, gdd, grass, greens, grey, grey.eq, grey.log, grey1.0, grey255, gyr, haxby, inferno, kelvin, magma, ndvi, ndwi, nlcd, oranges, plasma, population, population_dens, precipitation, precipitation_daily, precipitation_monthly, rainbow, ramp, random, reds, roygbiv, rstcurv, ryb, ryg, sepia, slope, soilmoisture, srtm, srtm_percent, srtm_plus, terrain, viridis, water, wave*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![aspect](colortables/aspect.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**aspect**: aspect oriented grey colors [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![aspectcolr](colortables/aspectcolr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**aspectcolr**: aspect oriented rainbow colors [range: 0 to 360]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![bcyr](colortables/bcyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**bcyr**: blue through cyan through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![bgyr](colortables/bgyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**bgyr**: blue through green through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![blues](colortables/blues.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**blues**: white to blue [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![byg](colortables/byg.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**byg**: blue through yellow to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![byr](colortables/byr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**byr**: blue through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![celsius](colortables/celsius.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**celsius**: blue to red for degree Celsius temperature [range: -80 to 80]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![corine](colortables/corine.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**corine**: EU Corine land cover colors [range: 111 to 995]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![curvature](colortables/curvature.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**curvature**: for terrain curvatures (from v.surf.rst and r.slope.aspect) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![differences](colortables/differences.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**differences**: differences oriented colors [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![elevation](colortables/elevation.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**elevation**: maps relative ranges of raster values to elevation color ramp [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![etopo2](colortables/etopo2.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**etopo2**: colors for ETOPO2 worldwide bathymetry/topography [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![evi](colortables/evi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**evi**: enhanced vegetative index colors [range: -1 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![fahrenheit](colortables/fahrenheit.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**fahrenheit**: blue to red for Fahrenheit temperature [range: -112 to 176]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![forest_cover](colortables/forest_cover.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**forest_cover**: percentage of forest cover [range: 0 to 100]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![gdd](colortables/gdd.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**gdd**: accumulated growing degree days [range: 0 to 6000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grass](colortables/grass.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grass**: GRASS green (perceptually uniform) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![greens](colortables/greens.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**greens**: white to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey](colortables/grey.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey**: grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey.eq](colortables/grey.eq.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey.eq**: histogram-equalized grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey.log](colortables/grey.log.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey.log**: histogram logarithmic transformed grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey1.0](colortables/grey1.0.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey1.0**: grey scale for raster values between 0.0-1.0 [range: 0 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey255](colortables/grey255.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey255**: grey scale for raster values between 0-255 [range: 0 to 255]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![gyr](colortables/gyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**gyr**: green through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![haxby](colortables/haxby.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**haxby**: relative colors for bathymetry or topography [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![inferno](colortables/inferno.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**inferno**: perceptually uniform sequential color table inferno [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![kelvin](colortables/kelvin.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**kelvin**: blue to red for temperature in Kelvin scale [range: 193.15 to 353.15]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![magma](colortables/magma.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**magma**: perceptually uniform sequential color table magma [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ndvi](colortables/ndvi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ndvi**: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index colors [range: -1 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ndwi](colortables/ndwi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ndwi**: Normalized Difference Water Index colors [range: -200 to 200]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![nlcd](colortables/nlcd.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**nlcd**: US National Land Cover Dataset colors [range: 0 to 95]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![oranges](colortables/oranges.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**oranges**: white to orange [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![plasma](colortables/plasma.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**plasma**: perceptually uniform sequential color table plasma [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![population](colortables/population.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**population**: color table covering human population classification breaks [range: 0 to 2e+09]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![population_dens](colortables/population_dens.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**population_dens**: color table covering human population density classification breaks [range: 0 to 1e+09]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation](colortables/precipitation.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation**: precipitation color table (0..2000mm) [range: 0 to 7000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation_daily](colortables/precipitation_daily.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation_daily**: precipitation color table (0..1000mm) [range: 0 to 10000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation_monthly](colortables/precipitation_monthly.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation_monthly**: precipitation color table (0..1000mm) [range: 0 to 1000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![rainbow](colortables/rainbow.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**rainbow**: rainbow color table [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ramp](colortables/ramp.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ramp**: color ramp [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![random](colortables/random.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**random**: random color table [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![reds](colortables/reds.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**reds**: white to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![roygbiv](colortables/roygbiv.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**roygbiv**:  [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![rstcurv](colortables/rstcurv.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**rstcurv**: terrain curvature (from r.resamp.rst) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ryb](colortables/ryb.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ryb**: red through yellow to blue [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ryg](colortables/ryg.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ryg**: red through yellow to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![sepia](colortables/sepia.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**sepia**: yellowish-brown through to white [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![slope](colortables/slope.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**slope**: r.slope.aspect-type slope colors for raster values 0-90 [range: 0 to 90]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![soilmoisture](colortables/soilmoisture.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**soilmoisture**: soilmoisture color table (0.0-1.0) [range: 0 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm](colortables/srtm.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm_percent](colortables/srtm_percent.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm_percent**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission using relative elevation [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm_plus](colortables/srtm_plus.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm_plus**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation (with seafloor colors) [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![terrain](colortables/terrain.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**terrain**: global elevation color table covering -11000 to +8850m [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![viridis](colortables/viridis.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**viridis**: perceptually uniform sequential color table viridis [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![water](colortables/water.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**water**: water depth [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![wave](colortables/wave.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**wave**: color wave [range: map values]  
    **raster** : str | np.ndarray, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Raster map from which to copy color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, raster, *name*  
    **raster_3d** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3D raster map from which to copy color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, raster_3d, *name*  
    **rules** : str | io.StringIO, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Path to rules file  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, file, *name*  
    **rgb_column** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of color column to populate RGB values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If not given writes color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, dbcolumn, *name*  
    **flags** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *r*, *w*, *l*, *d*, *n*, *g*, *a*, *c*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**r**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Remove existing color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**w**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Only write new color table if it does not already exist  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**l**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;List available rules then exit  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**d**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;List available rules with description then exit  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If a color rule is given, only this rule is listed  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**n**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Invert colors  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**g**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Logarithmic scaling  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**a**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Logarithmic-absolute scaling  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**c**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Convert color rules from RGB values to color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Option 'rgb_column' with valid RGB values required  
    **verbose** : bool, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Verbose module output  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *None*  
    **quiet** : bool, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Quiet module output  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *None*  
    **superquiet** : bool, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Very quiet module output  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *None*  

    Returns:

    **result** : grass.tools.support.ToolResult | None  
    If the tool produces text as standard output, a *ToolResult* object will be returned. Otherwise, `None` will be returned.

    Raises:

    *grass.tools.ToolError*: When the tool ended with an error.

=== "Python (grass.script)"

    **map** : str, *required*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of vector map  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Or data source for direct OGR access  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, vector, *name*  
    **layer** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Layer number or name  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vector features can have category values in different layers. This number determines which layer to use. When used with direct OGR access this is the layer name.  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, layer  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *1*  
    **use** : str, *required*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Source values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *attr, cat, z*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**attr**: read values from attribute table (requires &lt;column&gt; option)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**cat**: use category values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**z**: use z coordinate (3D points or centroids only)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *cat*  
    **column** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of column containing numeric data  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Required for use=attr  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, dbcolumn, *name*  
    **range** : tuple[float, float] | list[float] | str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Manually set range (refers to 'column' option)  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ignored when 'rules' given  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: *min,max*  
    **color** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, colortable, *style*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *aspect, aspectcolr, bcyr, bgyr, blues, byg, byr, celsius, corine, curvature, differences, elevation, etopo2, evi, fahrenheit, forest_cover, gdd, grass, greens, grey, grey.eq, grey.log, grey1.0, grey255, gyr, haxby, inferno, kelvin, magma, ndvi, ndwi, nlcd, oranges, plasma, population, population_dens, precipitation, precipitation_daily, precipitation_monthly, rainbow, ramp, random, reds, roygbiv, rstcurv, ryb, ryg, sepia, slope, soilmoisture, srtm, srtm_percent, srtm_plus, terrain, viridis, water, wave*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![aspect](colortables/aspect.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**aspect**: aspect oriented grey colors [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![aspectcolr](colortables/aspectcolr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**aspectcolr**: aspect oriented rainbow colors [range: 0 to 360]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![bcyr](colortables/bcyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**bcyr**: blue through cyan through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![bgyr](colortables/bgyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**bgyr**: blue through green through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![blues](colortables/blues.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**blues**: white to blue [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![byg](colortables/byg.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**byg**: blue through yellow to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![byr](colortables/byr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**byr**: blue through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![celsius](colortables/celsius.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**celsius**: blue to red for degree Celsius temperature [range: -80 to 80]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![corine](colortables/corine.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**corine**: EU Corine land cover colors [range: 111 to 995]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![curvature](colortables/curvature.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**curvature**: for terrain curvatures (from v.surf.rst and r.slope.aspect) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![differences](colortables/differences.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**differences**: differences oriented colors [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![elevation](colortables/elevation.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**elevation**: maps relative ranges of raster values to elevation color ramp [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![etopo2](colortables/etopo2.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**etopo2**: colors for ETOPO2 worldwide bathymetry/topography [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![evi](colortables/evi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**evi**: enhanced vegetative index colors [range: -1 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![fahrenheit](colortables/fahrenheit.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**fahrenheit**: blue to red for Fahrenheit temperature [range: -112 to 176]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![forest_cover](colortables/forest_cover.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**forest_cover**: percentage of forest cover [range: 0 to 100]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![gdd](colortables/gdd.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**gdd**: accumulated growing degree days [range: 0 to 6000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grass](colortables/grass.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grass**: GRASS green (perceptually uniform) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![greens](colortables/greens.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**greens**: white to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey](colortables/grey.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey**: grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey.eq](colortables/grey.eq.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey.eq**: histogram-equalized grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey.log](colortables/grey.log.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey.log**: histogram logarithmic transformed grey scale [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey1.0](colortables/grey1.0.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey1.0**: grey scale for raster values between 0.0-1.0 [range: 0 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![grey255](colortables/grey255.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**grey255**: grey scale for raster values between 0-255 [range: 0 to 255]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![gyr](colortables/gyr.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**gyr**: green through yellow to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![haxby](colortables/haxby.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**haxby**: relative colors for bathymetry or topography [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![inferno](colortables/inferno.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**inferno**: perceptually uniform sequential color table inferno [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![kelvin](colortables/kelvin.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**kelvin**: blue to red for temperature in Kelvin scale [range: 193.15 to 353.15]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![magma](colortables/magma.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**magma**: perceptually uniform sequential color table magma [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ndvi](colortables/ndvi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ndvi**: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index colors [range: -1 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ndwi](colortables/ndwi.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ndwi**: Normalized Difference Water Index colors [range: -200 to 200]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![nlcd](colortables/nlcd.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**nlcd**: US National Land Cover Dataset colors [range: 0 to 95]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![oranges](colortables/oranges.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**oranges**: white to orange [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![plasma](colortables/plasma.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**plasma**: perceptually uniform sequential color table plasma [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![population](colortables/population.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**population**: color table covering human population classification breaks [range: 0 to 2e+09]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![population_dens](colortables/population_dens.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**population_dens**: color table covering human population density classification breaks [range: 0 to 1e+09]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation](colortables/precipitation.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation**: precipitation color table (0..2000mm) [range: 0 to 7000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation_daily](colortables/precipitation_daily.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation_daily**: precipitation color table (0..1000mm) [range: 0 to 10000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![precipitation_monthly](colortables/precipitation_monthly.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**precipitation_monthly**: precipitation color table (0..1000mm) [range: 0 to 1000]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![rainbow](colortables/rainbow.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**rainbow**: rainbow color table [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ramp](colortables/ramp.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ramp**: color ramp [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![random](colortables/random.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**random**: random color table [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![reds](colortables/reds.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**reds**: white to red [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![roygbiv](colortables/roygbiv.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**roygbiv**:  [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![rstcurv](colortables/rstcurv.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**rstcurv**: terrain curvature (from r.resamp.rst) [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ryb](colortables/ryb.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ryb**: red through yellow to blue [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![ryg](colortables/ryg.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**ryg**: red through yellow to green [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![sepia](colortables/sepia.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**sepia**: yellowish-brown through to white [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![slope](colortables/slope.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**slope**: r.slope.aspect-type slope colors for raster values 0-90 [range: 0 to 90]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![soilmoisture](colortables/soilmoisture.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**soilmoisture**: soilmoisture color table (0.0-1.0) [range: 0 to 1]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm](colortables/srtm.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm_percent](colortables/srtm_percent.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm_percent**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission using relative elevation [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![srtm_plus](colortables/srtm_plus.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**srtm_plus**: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation (with seafloor colors) [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![terrain](colortables/terrain.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**terrain**: global elevation color table covering -11000 to +8850m [range: -11000 to 8850]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![viridis](colortables/viridis.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**viridis**: perceptually uniform sequential color table viridis [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![water](colortables/water.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**water**: water depth [range: map values]  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;![wave](colortables/wave.png) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**wave**: color wave [range: map values]  
    **raster** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Raster map from which to copy color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, raster, *name*  
    **raster_3d** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3D raster map from which to copy color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, raster_3d, *name*  
    **rules** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Path to rules file  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, file, *name*  
    **rgb_column** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Name of color column to populate RGB values  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If not given writes color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Used as: input, dbcolumn, *name*  
    **flags** : str, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Allowed values: *r*, *w*, *l*, *d*, *n*, *g*, *a*, *c*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**r**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Remove existing color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**w**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Only write new color table if it does not already exist  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**l**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;List available rules then exit  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**d**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;List available rules with description then exit  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If a color rule is given, only this rule is listed  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**n**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Invert colors  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**g**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Logarithmic scaling  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**a**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Logarithmic-absolute scaling  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**c**  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Convert color rules from RGB values to color table  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Option 'rgb_column' with valid RGB values required  
    **verbose** : bool, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Verbose module output  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *None*  
    **quiet** : bool, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Quiet module output  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *None*  
    **superquiet** : bool, *optional*  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Very quiet module output  
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Default: *None*

## DESCRIPTION

*v.colors* allows creating or modifying color table associated with a
vector map similarly to *[r.colors](r.colors.md)* for raster maps.

Color rules are built from features category values (**use=cat**) or
numeric data column (**use=attr**) defined by **column** option. For 3D
vector maps is allowed to define color rules based on points or
centroids z-coordinate (**use=z**). 3D vector lines are not supported.

The **raster** option allows user to specify a raster map from which to
copy the color table, similarly **raster_3d** option for 3D raster map.
Without **use=attr** and **column** options, raster values will be
matched with categories. Use these two options to transfer raster colors
to vector attributes.

The **rules** color table type will cause *v.colors* to read color table
specifications from given file and will build the color table
accordingly. See *[r.colors](r.colors.md)* manual page for details.

If the user specifies the **-w** flag, the current color table file for
the input map will not be overwritten. This means that the color table
is created only if the vector map does not already have a color table.
If this option is not specified, the color table will be created if one
does not exist, or modified if it does.

Alternatively the color rules can be stored in a string column
(**rgb_column**) by saving the RRR:GGG:BBB values suitable for use with
*[d.vect](d.vect.md)*.

## NOTES

For vector maps with a large number of features it's more convenient to
store color rules in an attribute column (given by **rgb_column**)
rather then in a color table file. Reading color tables with more then
1000 items is slow.

## EXAMPLES

### Define color table based on categories

Define color table `wave` based on categories from layer 1

```sh
v.colors map=soils_general layer=1 color=wave
```

### Define color table based on attribute values

Define color table `ryg` based on values from attribute column `AREA`.
Attribute table is linked to layer 1.

```sh
v.to.db map=soils_general layer=1 option=area column=AREA
v.colors map=soils_general layer=1 color=wave use=attr column=AREA
```

### Define color table stored as RGB values in attribute table

Write color values to the attribute table (column `GRASSRGB`) instead of
creating color table.

```sh
v.colors map=soils_general layer=1 color=wave use=attr column=AREA rgb_column=GRASSRGB

# See some GRASSRGB values:
v.db.select map=soils_general where="cat < 4"
cat|OBJECTID|AREA|PERIMETER|GSLNC250_|GSLNC250_I|GSL_NAME|GRASSRGB
1|1|0|164616.125|2|1|NC113|212:42:127
2|2|0|30785.529297|3|2|NC096|212:42:127
3|3|0|87572.882812|4|3|NC097|212:42:127
```

### Convert RGB attribute values into color table

Convert existing RGB values to color table rules.

```sh
v.colors -c map=soils_general rgb_column=GRASSRGB
```

Note that in this case the vector map has a proper color table assigned
(check by *[v.colors.out](v.colors.out.md)*) together with GRASSRGB
attribute column. Also note that color table is preferred over RGB
values stored in attribute table.

### Transfer raster colors to vector

```sh
# create an example raster from census blocks (10m pixel resolution)
g.region vector=censusblk_swwake res=10 -ap
v.to.rast input=censusblk_swwake use=attr attribute_column=TOTAL_POP output=censusblk_swwake_total_pop
r.colors -e map=censusblk_swwake_total_pop color=blues

# transfer raster colors to vector attributes (raster values to attributes)
r.colors.out map=censusblk_swwake_total_pop rules=- | v.colors map=censusblk_swwake use=attr column=TOTAL_POP rules=-
# equivalent, but simpler
v.colors map=censusblk_swwake use=attr column=TOTAL_POP raster=censusblk_swwake_total_pop

# transfer raster colors to vector categories (raster values to categories)
v.colors map=censusblk_swwake raster=censusblk_swwake_total_pop
```

### Remove existing color table

Existing color table can be removed by **-r** flag.

```sh
v.colors -r map=soils_general
```

Before removing color table you can store color rules to the file by
*[v.colors.out](v.colors.out.md)* and later to assign by **rules**
option.

```sh
v.colors.out map=soils_general rules=soils.colr
v.colors map=soils_general rules=soils.colr
```

To drop RGB column use *[v.db.dropcolumn](v.db.dropcolumn.md)*.

```sh
v.db.dropcolumn map=soils_general column=GRASSRGB
```

## SEE ALSO

*[d.vect](d.vect.md), [r.colors](r.colors.md),
[r.colors.out](r.colors.out.md), [r3.colors](r3.colors.md),
[r3.colors.out](r3.colors.out.md), [v.colors.out](v.colors.out.md)*

See also wiki page [Color
tables](https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Color_tables) (from GRASS User
Wiki)

[ColorBrewer](https://colorbrewer2.org) is an online tool designed to
help people select good color schemes for maps and other graphics.

## AUTHORS

Martin Landa, OSGeoREL, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech
Republic  
Huidae Cho

## SOURCE CODE

Available at: [v.colors source code](https://github.com/OSGeo/grass/tree/main/vector/v.colors)
([history](https://github.com/OSGeo/grass/commits/main/vector/v.colors))  
Latest change: Thursday Oct 23 20:57:28 2025 in commit [938e5b0](https://github.com/OSGeo/grass/commit/938e5b09359caaeb9cfd62cb2c7e847218001627)
